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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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ILLUSION
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00297_Text_ref26t.txt
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1996-12-31
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However when "pop out" does
not occur and it takes subjects
considerable time to find the
separate texture region or the
unique element, it has been
assumed that the targets are
such that parallel processing
doesnΓÇÖt allow "finding" the
region or element easily. In
these circumstances it would
seem that one must make use of
attention, and if in fact one
must attend to each element in
time, serial rather than
parallel processing must occur
during search. When "pop out"
does occur, it has been
demonstrated repeatedly that
the number of background
elements, called distractors (as
distinct from the target), does
not influence the time required
to find the targetΓÇöΓÇôfurther room
for parallel processing. When
"pop out" fails to occur,
however, the more distractors
there are, the longer the
search task takesΓÇöΓÇôfurther
proof for serial attention to
each item. One condition in
which "pop out" fails to occur
is when the target combines
two properties, say a triangle
that is red, and the distractors
are, say, red circles and black
triangles. The target is still
unique but only by virtue of its
combination of the two
properties, redness and
triangularity. What is the role
of attention in this condition?
Anne Treisman, who uncovered
this effect, has suggested that
attention serves to bind the two
properties together into one
perceptual object in a
particular location. This
analysis is based on the
presumption that the
perception of each property
occurs through very separate
processing in the brain and
that unified perception of
multifaceted objects requires
an additional operation to
integrate them. TreismanΓÇÖs
theory is therefore aptly called
"feature integration theory."